梨树苹果茎痘病毒PRINS检测中引物的设计及退火温度的测定

[目的]利用5条引物目的片段进行扩增,完成PRINS检测中引物及其退火温度的测定.[方法]采用确认带有ASPV的库尔勒香梨叶片,以叶片为试验材料,并采用经RT - PCR检测技术健康香梨的叶片作为阴性对照.引物采用NCBI提供的BLAST工具中的ASPV病毒的全基因组序列的外壳蛋白的保守区域进行设计.并根据PRINS特有的性质及ASPV病毒有片断相互重叠现象来设计相应的引物.[结果]这5条引物之间没有太多的干扰,且都在目的区域出现了比较清晰的条带.[结论]证明所设计引物可以在进一步的PRINS检测ASPV病毒时直接使用,为PRINS在梨树病毒检测方面发挥更大的作用奠定了基础.     

Effects of microplastic polystyrene, simulated acid rain and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Trifolium repens growth and soil microbial community composition

Microplastic pollution is a global and ubiquitous environmental problem in the oceans as well as in the terrestrial environment. We examined the fate of microplastic polystyrene (MPS) beads in experimental soil in the presence and absence of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and simulated acid rain (SAR) to determine whether the combinations of these three factors altered the growth of white clover Trifolium repens. We found that MPS, SAR, or AMF added singly to soil did not alter T. repens growth or yields. In contrast, MPS and AMF together significantly reduced shoot biomass, while SAR and MPS together significantly reduced soil available phosphorus independent of AMF presence. Microplastic polystyrene, AMF, and SAR together significantly reduced soil NO^-₃-N. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi added singly also enriched the beneficial soil bacteria (genus Solirubrobacter), while MPS combined with AMF significantly enriched the potential plant pathogenic fungus Spiromastix. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation with MPS increased the abundance of soil hydrocarbon degraders independent of the presence of SAR. In addition, the abundance of soil nitrate reducers was increased by MPS, especially in the presence of AMF and SAR. Moreover, SAR alone increased the abundance of soil pathogens within the fungal community including antibiotic producers. These findings indicate that the coexistence of MPS, SAR, and AMF may exacerbate the adverse effects of MPS on soil and plant health.     

How pollution legacies and land use histories shape post-communist forest cover trends in the Western Carpathians

Forests that encompass the border triangle of Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia currently suffer from centuries of inadequate forest management strategies, including overexploitation during the countries’ respective communist regimes and high stress levels due to airborne emissions from heavy industry. Since the fall of the Iron Curtain, each country has approached forest monitoring, protection and the improvement of forest conditions in its own way. Spaceborne remote sensing of forest changes across country borders offers great potential for better understanding the underlying drivers of change and for developing comparable indicators between countries.     

基于包络理论的原木截面检测及再现方法研究

介绍了一种应用激光检测技术将原木截面形状再现并计算出原木截面面积的新方法,即应用基于包络理论的原理建立测量系统模型,应用无线数据采集系统采集检测到的数据,然后利用采集到的数据在计算机中进行原木形状的再现,并进行包络线上点坐标的确定以及包络面积的计算,最后对可能出现的结果进行了分析。     

含水率对原木孔洞缺陷应力波检测效果的影响

应用微单元分析模型,在实验室条件下研究含水率对原禾内部孔洞缺陷检测效果的影响。在不同含水率状态下测试原木内应力波传播速度,分析应力波传播速度与含水率的相关性,得出原木孔洞缺陷识别质量系数。结果表明,在较低的含水率状态下原木孔洞缺滔检测效果较好。     

基于固定样地的林分生长模型研建

基于杭州市开展的森林资源与生态状况固定样地监测,以建德市为例,建立了无人为干扰小班主要测树因子更新模型,更新了县级森林资源小班数据库,实现了县市森林资源联动监测。     

一步双重PCR检测香蕉枯萎病菌

摘要：通过设计尖孢镰刀菌ITS区特异引物PR1/PR2和SCAR特异引物ST1/ST2,优化检测体系中反应参数,建立了双重PCR检测香蕉枯萎病菌1号生理小种和4号生理小种的方法。结果表明：引物PR1/PR2和ST1/ST2能明确鉴别香蕉枯萎病菌1号生理小种和4号生理小种,检测体系的最佳退火温度为56 ℃,检测灵敏度的最低起始DNA为20 ng。     

胡椒碱的功能及萃取工艺研究进展

介绍了胡椒碱的研究概况及生物学功能,综述了胡椒碱的常规萃取、超临界萃取,以及检测方法方面的研究进展。同时对胡椒碱的应用前景进行了展望。     

大豆卵磷脂的研究概况

大豆卵磷脂是大豆油生产的副产品,简要介绍大豆卵磷脂的结构、功能、应用、提纯和检测方法。     

我国食品中农药残留研究进展

随着人们安全健康意识提高,食品中农药残留问题更加受到重视,本文综述了样品预处理研究进展及农药残留快速检测技术研究进展,并简单分析介绍各种方法的优缺点。